Campursari as a Hybrid Music: A Case Study on Three Models of Campursari Music

Aris Wahyudi, Joko Tri Laksono, Zolkipli Abdullah, Wilma Sriwulan

Abstract


Some music researcher state that campursari is a hybrid music. However, this opinion is only based on the combination of diatonic and pentatonic tones. But, Clothier explains, what is meant by hybrid culture is not just a mixture of several types of culture, but there are historical aspects and certain conditions to declare its existence as a hybrid culture. Therefore, this research aims to review the campursari phenomenon to gain clarity its capacity on theoretical. This research is qualitative research using analytical descriptive methods through tracing the history of campursari music. The term campursari appeared around the 1950s when Waljinah performed the “Kembang Kacang” song in keroncong music. This song was adopted from Javanese musical compositions, and then developed until now. in terms of major genres, campursari music consists of three models, there are Waljinah (keroncong), Manthou’s (Javanese musical/pentatonic), and Didi Kempot (Western/diatonic music). Through the case of the “Kembang Kacang” song which was analyzed by the hybrid cultural theory of Bhaba, Livenson, and Clothier and combined with Titon’s theory, it was concluded that the Waljinah model campursari is first derivative (F1), the Manthou’s model campursari is true hybrid music (pure strain), while the other model of campursari called “gedanken” hybrid.


Keywords


campursari; diatonic; pentatonic; modernism; hybrid

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abbott, S., & Fairbanks, D. J. (2016). Experiments on plant hybrids by Gregor Mendel. In Genetics (Vol. 204, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.116.195198

Alif, N., Mafthukhatul, L., & Ahmala, M. (2020). AKULTURASI BUDAYA JAWA DAN ISLAM MELALUI DAKWAH SUNAN KALIJAGA. Al’adalah, 23(2), 143–162. https://doi.org/10.35719/aladalah.v23i2.32

Amico, S. (2020). “We are all musicologists now”; or, the end of ethnomusicology. In Journal of Musicology (Vol. 37, Issue 1, pp. 1–32). University of California Press. https://doi.org/10.1525/JM.2020.37.1.1

Anak Michael, V., Abd Rahman, K. A. A., Abdul Shukor, S. F., & Mohd Ali, N. A. (2020). Artistic Knowledge and Practices of Hybrid Art based on the Analysis of Malaysian Artists’ Artworks. Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal, 5(SI1), 111–117. https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5isi1.2305

Assyakurrohim, D., Ikhram, D., Sirodj, R. A., & Afgani, M. W. (2022). Metode Studi Kasus dalam Penelitian Kualitatif. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Dan Komputer, 3(01). https://doi.org/10.47709/jpsk.v3i01.1951

Astari, M. D. N. S. A. ;Azzahra, Z. G. M. D. Adelia. (2022). Objektifikasi Perempuan dalam Lagu-lagu Campursari Analisis Wacana M.A.K Halliday. Jurnal Media Dan Komunikasi, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.20473/medkom.v2i2.33113

Azizah, L. N. (n.d.). Apa itu Akulturasi Budaya? Faktor Pendorong dan Proses Terjadinya. Gramedia Blog. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.gramedia.com/literasi/apa-itu-akulturasi-budaya/#

Bambang Sulanjari. (2023, January 3). Bowo Sarayuda/Kembang Kacang: Tembang Dhandhanggula Turu Lare Pelog Nem (pp. 1–1) [Video recording]. Bambang Sulanjari.

Beno, M. (2021). On-site and hybrid workplace culture of positivity and effectiveness: Case study from Austria. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 10(5). https://doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2021-0142

Berry, J. W. (2005). Acculturation: Living successfully in two cultures. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 29, 697–712.

Clothier, I. M. (2005). Created identities: Hybrid cultures and the internet. Convergence, 11(4). https://doi.org/10.1177//1354856505061053

Dewi, C. D. A., & Suharto, S. (2021). Musical Development Of Barongan Turonggo Laras Through Additional Instrument In Kendal Regency. Jurnal Seni Musik, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.15294/jsm.v10i1.46058

Didi Kempot. (2024, September 18). The Best of Didi Kempot - The Best Campursari: Pamer Bojo - Cidro - Tatu [Video recording]. D J Dangdut Remix.

Feld, S. N. B. (1986). The Study of Ethnomusicology by Bruno Nettl Review. Latin American Music Review/Revista de Musica Latinoamericana, 7(2), 375–377. http://www.jstor.org/stable/780225

Flyvbjerg, B. (2006). Five misunderstandings about case-study research. Qualitative Inquiry, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800405284363

Hilmy, M. (2018). Towards a religiously hybrid identity? The changing face of Javanese Islam. Journal of Indonesian Islam, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.15642/JIIS.2018.12.1.45-68

Jailani, abdul fatah. (2019). Kajian Struktur Pertunjukan Ludruk Tobong Di Ponorogo. Jurnal Pemikiran Seni Pertunjukan, 1(13).

Kamaluddin, M. (2017). Lagu Tarling dan Campursari Dua Bahasa. SOSFILKOM, XI(1), 49–55.

Kobi, M. F. (2017). Campursari : Bentuk Lain Dari Kesenian Gamelan Yang Diterima Di Masa Modern. Jurnal Warna, 1(1).

Kusno, A. (2015). Asosiasi Pornografi Pada Lirik Lagu Campursari. Metalingua, 13(1).

Laksono, J. T. (2013). Menelusuri Karya dan Karsa Manthou’s Sebagai Seniman dan Pencipta Campursari. Resital: Jurnal Seni Pertunjukan, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.24821/resital.v9i2.458

Laksono, J. T. (2015a). PERSPEKTIF HISTORIS CAMPURSARI DAN CAMPURSARI ALA MANTHOU’S.

Laksono, J. T. (2015b). PERSPEKTIF HISTORIS CAMPURSARI DAN CAMPURSARI ALA MANTHOU’S. Imaji, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.21831/imaji.v8i1.6654

Levinson, J. (1984). Hybrid Art Forms. Journal of Aesthetic Education, 18(4). https://doi.org/10.2307/3332623

Manthou’s. (2021, June 3). Kembang Kacang (pp. 1–1) [Video recording]. CSGK - Topik.

Mertania, Y., & Amelia, D. (2020). Black Skin White Mask: Hybrid Identity of the Main Character as Depicted in Tagore’s The Home and The World. Linguistics and Literature Journal, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.33365/llj.v1i1.233

Palitsky, R., Sullivan, D., Keefer, L. A., & Stewart, S. A. (2016). The cultural backdrop to prospection: Exploring the relevance of time-space distanciation. Review of General Psychology, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1037/gpr0000068

Pariwisata, D. (2019). Campursari, Seni Musik. Http://Encyclopedia. Jakarta-Tourism. Go. Id.

Porter, J., Blacking, J., & Byron, R. (1996). Music, Culture and Experience: Selected Papers of John Blacking. Western Folklore, 55(2). https://doi.org/10.2307/1500182

Rashid, Y., Rashid, A., Warraich, M. A., Sabir, S. S., & Waseem, A. (2019). Case Study Method: A Step-by-Step Guide for Business Researchers. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 18. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406919862424

Rismawati, S. D. (2017). Mengukuhkan Otensitas Tradisi Hukum Campursari Dalam Sistem Hukum Nasional. In Jurnal Hukum Islam (Vol. 15, Issue 1).

Saepudin, A., & Yulaeliah, E. (2021). Tepak Kendang Jaipong dalam Kesenian Campursari. Panggung, 31(2), 221–238.

Saputri, T. S., & Dwi S, Ch. H. (2016). CAMPURSARI “Nyanyian Hibrida dari Jawa.” In jurnalkommas.com. Jurnal Kommas.

Sari, R. P., & Suprihatin, S. (2020). Akulturasi Budaya Pada Komunitas Virtual ‘Sobat Ambyar.’ CHANNEL: Jurnal Komunikasi, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.12928/channel.v8i1.15058

Septiana, T., Ch, S., & Heny, D. S. (n.d.). CAMPURSARI “Nyanyian Hibrida dari Jawa” (Sebuah Video Dokumenter Tentang Polemik Keberadaan Campursari sebagai Tradisi Musik Baru di Dunia Seni Pertunjukan).

Sinduwiatmo, K., & Rahayu, S. (2018). Pelestarian Budaya Campursari dalam Program TVRI Jawa Timur. KANAL, 6(2), 165–174.

Slobin, M., & Titon, J. T. (1992). The Music-Culture as a World of Music. In J. T. Titon, L. Fujie, J. T. Koetting, D. P. McAllester, D. B. Recle, J. Schechter, M. Slobin, & R. A. Sutton (Eds.), Worlds of Music; An Introduction to the Music of the World’s Peoples (10th ed., pp. 1–15). Schirmer Books; A Devision of Macmillan, Inc.

Statification, S. (2007). Campursari dalam Stratifikasi Sosial di Semarang (Social Statification of Campursari in Semarang). Harmonia Journal of Arts Research and Education, 8(1).

Sunarya, S. (2019). ASOSIASI EROTISME DALAM LAGU CAMPURSARI ‘CUCAK RAWA.’ JISABDA: Jurnal Ilmiah Sastra Dan Bahasa Daerah, Serta Pengajarannya, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.26877/jisabda.v1i2.4749

Supadmi, N. (2021, October 1). Cakepan Ladrang Kembang Kacang (pp. 1–1) [Video recording]. BleWood.

Suranto, J., & Santosa. (2019). Sistem Pelarasan pada Campursari. Dewaruci, 14(1), 28–33.

Titon, J. T. (2015). Ethnomusicology as the Study of People Making Music. MUSICOLOGICAL ANNUAL, LI(2), 175–185. https://doi.org/10.4312/mz.51.1.175-185

Triatmodjo, S., Burhan, M. A., Prasetyo, H. B., Budiarti, E., & Fernando, H. (2023). Cultural hybridization in the veneration of a Javanese local hero as a kongco at Lasem’s Gie Yong Bio Chinese temple during Indonesia’s reformation Era. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 10(1), 1–13.

Viny, C. M., Kurniawan, F., & Tony. (2011). Automatic music classification for Dangdut and campursari using Nave Bayes. Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics, ICEEI 2011. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEI.2011.6021738

Wahyudi, A. (2012). Lakon Dewa Ruci: Cara Menjadi Jawa; Sebuah analisis strukturalisme Levi-Strauss dalam kajian wayang (E. Budiarti, Ed.; 1st ed.). Bagaskara.

Waljinah. (2009, March 24). Kembang Kacang (pp. 1–1) [Video recording]. penikmatmusikjadul.

Wirman, E. P., Ilham, M., Ananda, A., Fatimah, S., & Reflinaldi. (2021). The Cultural Syncretic Strategy of The Muslim Minority : A Case in the Mentawai Islands- Indonesia. The Internasional Journal of Languange and Cultural, 31(1).

Wiyoso, joko. (2011). Kolaborasi Antara Jaran Kepang Dengan Campursari: Suatu Bentuk Perubahan Kesenian Tradisional. Harmonia: Journal of Arts Research and Education, 11(1).

Wiyoso, J. (2007a). Campursari: Suatu Bentuk Akulturasi Budaya Dalam Musik. Harmonia - Journal of Arts Research and Education, 8(3).

Wiyoso, J. (2007b). Jejak Campursari (The History of Campursari). Harmonia Journal of Arts Research and Education, 8(2).

Wiyoso, J. (2012). Motivasi Masuknya Campursari Ke Dalam Pertunjukan Jaran Kepang. Harmonia: Jurnal Pengetahuan Dan Pemikiran Seni.

Yolles, M. (2021a). Towards a general hybrid theory in wicked problem structuring part 1: the foundation. Kybernetes, 50(2), 467–489. https://doi.org/10.1108/K-10-2019-0689

Yolles, M. (2021b). Towards a general hybrid theory in wicked problem structuring part 2: the relational agency paradigm. Kybernetes, 50(2), 490–511. https://doi.org/10.1108/K-10-2019-0691

Zhang, T., & Liu, S. (2022). Hybrid Music Recommendation Algorithm Based on Music Gene and Improved Knowledge Graph. Security and Communication Networks, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5889724

Zhao, X. (2022). Design and Construction of Hybrid Music Recommendation System Integrating Music Gene. In Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (Vol. 2022). https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5315528

Zuhdiyati, N., & David. (2015). ANALISIS FAKTOR - FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEMISKINAN DI INDONESIA SELAMA LIMA TAHUN TERAKHIR (Studi Kasus Pada 33 Provinsi) Noor. ANALISIS FAKTOR - FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEMISKINAN DI INDONESIA SELAMA LIMA TAHUN TERAKHIR (Studi Kasus Pada 33 Provinsi) Noor, Atalay.

Zuo, X., & Lu, Y. (2022). Discrimination of Music Basic Elements and Music Formal Elements Under the Care of Music Aesthetics. Proceedings of the 2021 Conference on Art and Design: Inheritance and Innovation (ADII 2021), 643. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220205.005




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24821/resital.v25i3.14343

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share



This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.