Mengapa Selalu Harus Perempuan: Suatu Konstruksi Urban Pemenjaraan Seksual Hingga Hegemoni Maskulinitas dalam Film Soekarno

Bambang Aris Kartika

Abstract


Film Soekarno karya Hanung Bramantyo menghadirkan suatu deksripsi tentangfakta-fakta historis terkait dengan perempuan Indonesia yang dikomodifikasimenjadi teks-teks naratif dan visual film. Wujud representasi dari komodifikasifakta historis perempuan Indonesia, ditampilkan dalam konstruk urban mengenaivisualisasi ketidakadilan gender dalam praktik-praktik politik seksual, kekerasanseksual, kekerasan psikis, hingga pemenjaraan seksual yang diakibatkan olehhegemoni kolonialisme fasisme Jepang melalui praktik perbudakan seksual (jugunianfu) dan tokoh Soekarno terhadap diri tokoh Inggit Ganarsih. Makna-maknasimbolik dari unsur naratif dan visualisasi yang dihadirkan dalam film Soekarnomerupakan suatu strategi kebudayaan dan politik media untuk menjadikan filmsebagai media historical memory dan collective memory bagi masyarakat Indonesiauntuk melawan lupa dari deskripsi narasi besar sejarah bangsa dan negara Indonesia,khususnya terhadap sejarah perempuan Indonesia.

Why Women Should Always Be: From the Sexual Restraint to the Hegemony ofMasculinity in the Soekarno Film. Soekarno Film presented by Hanung Bramantyois a description of historical facts which are related to Indonesian women and whichare then commodified into texts and visual narrative films. The representation formof the commodification of historical facts of Indonesian women is showed in thevisualization of gender inequality through the practices of sexual politics, sexual violence,and psychological violence until sexual restraint caused by the hegemony of Japanesecolonialism through the practice of sexual slavery (jugun ianfu), and the attitude ofSoekarno figure which appears to Inggit Ganarsih figure. The symbolic meanings of thenarrative and visualization elements which are presented in the film of Soekarno arethe strategy of culture and media politics to make the film as the medium of historicalmemory and collective memory for the Indonesian people to fight against the forgetting ofa narrative description of the history of Indonesia, especially to the history of Indonesianwomen.


Keywords


historical facts, historical memory and collective memory, violence and inequality gender, hegemony of masculinity, Indonesian women

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24821/jousa.v2i1.1268

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